Mnemonics

USMLE Step 2 CS Mnemonics Photo Gallery: http://www.medical-institution.com/usmle-step-2-cs-mnemonics-photo-gallery/

‘BP Copper’ is a neat reminder of the relationship between arterial blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO) and peripheral resistance (PR). 

BP Copper ~ BP = CO × PR

Systolic pressure = Squeezing (the heart)

Diastolic = Dilating heart or D for down

Fluid compartments 
This one needs a little bit of thought (stay calm – it’s not too much). You need to say to yourself ‘1-2-3-30-45 if pit’. It works something like this:

1-2-3-30-45 …………… If Pit

• 12 litres .............................IF Interstitial Fluid 
• 3 litres (plasma)................ P Plasma 
• 30 litres (inside cells) ........I Inside cells 
• 45 litres (total body water) T Total body water

Heart sounds 

The first heart sound (S1) is made up of a mitral component (M1) and a tricuspid (T1) component (in order of valve closure). The second (S2) is made up of A2 (aortic) followed by the pulmonary valve closure (P2). This gives a sequence from S1 to S2 of M1–T1–A2–P2. You will find this sequence easy to learn with ‘Mighty Ape’. 

Mighty Ape 

• MighTy M1 T1 
• APe A2 P2

Adrenoreceptor

Alpha stimulant for smooth muscle

Beta makes ‘em Bigger And what about beta receptors in the heart and lungs? It’s easy to learn which subtype predominates in each. The heart has predominantly beta-1 receptors, and the lungs have mainly beta-2, and of course you have one heart and two lungs. So: 

One Heart Two Lungs 

• One heart Beta one 
• Two lungs Beta two

Mumps 

Moping about mumps is a sure-fire way of remembering its four main symptoms. 

MOPE 

• M Meningism 
• O Orchitis/Oophoritis 
• P Parotitis/Pancreatitis/Paramyxovirus 
• E Encephalitis

Cytomegalovirus 

The abbreviation for cytomegalovirus is CMV, which – somewhat conveniently – is an acronym for the main symptoms of the disease. 

CMV 

• C Colitis 
• M Mouth dysphagia and oesophogeal ulceration 
• V Visual problems (retinitis)

Rashes and fevers 

The following anonymous chart is a guide to which day the rash typically appears on after the prodrome – e.g. the rubella rash develops on the first day of the onset of fever/illness, and the scarlet fever rash appears on the second day. Note there is no rash appearing at day 6. 

Really Sick People Must Take No Exercise 

• Really Rubella Day 1 
• Sick Scarletina Day 2 
• People smallPox Day 3 
• Must Measles Day 4 
• Take Typhoid fever Day 5 
• No (none) Day 6 
• Exercise Enteric fever Day 7

Shock 

These are the different types. 

CASHED 

• C Cardiac 
• A Anaphylactic 
• S Septic 
• H Hypovolaemic 
• E Endocrine (e.g. Addison’s) 
• D Drugs (e.g. anaesthetics)

Mental state exam 

Mad Is Pat? 

• M Mood 
• A Appearance 
• D Diet (appetite)/Depression 
• I Insight 
• S Speech 
• P Perceptual (sensory) 
• A Appearance/Anxiety 
• T Thoughts 
• ? Memory (concentration)

Cardiovascular – Medical Mnemonics:

– Kawasaki disease
– Complications of Myocardial Infarction

Endocrine – Medical Mnemonics:

– Acute pancreatitis
– Cushing’s syndrome
– Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN)
– Pheochromocytoma

Gastrointestinal – Medical Mnemonics:

Crohn’s disease

Nephrology – Medical Mnemonics:

– Nephrotic syndromes

Neurology – Medical Mnemonics:

– Tabes dorsalis
– Extraocular Muscles Innervention

Pharmacology – Medical Mnemonics:

– ACE inhibitors
– Class III antiarrhythmics
– H. pylori (treatment)
– Lithium (side effect)
– Myocardial infarction treatment
– Statin’s (side effect)
– Stevens-Johnson syndrome
– Tuberculosis (treatment)

Pulmonary – Medical Mnemonics:

Acute Respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Genetics and Biochemistry – Medical Mnemonics:

– Autosomal dominant disorders
– Fabry’s syndrome
– Folic Acid Deficiency (causes)
– Tay-Sachs disease

Miscellaneous – Medical Mnemonics:

– Acute intermittent porphyria
– Felty’s syndrome
– Multiple myeloma

- See more at: http://www.medical-institution.com/best-medical-mnemonics-database-usmle-mnemonics/#sthash.b8IzNdnt.dpuf

CS Blue Sheet Mnemonic