Xray for Ortho

Principles of X Ray:
2 joints,
2 views,
2 limbs (in children)
2 occasion (if no fracture seen)

Radiology Masterclass : http://radiologymasterclass.co.uk/tutorials/tutorials/

How to read x-ray : https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjItd2fr5DMAhVEJJQKHUdxDVEQFgguMAY&url=https%3A%2F%2Faotrauma.aofoundation.org%2FStructure%2Feducation%2Feducational-programs%2Foperating-room-personnel%2FDocuments%2F1_How%2520to%2520read%2520x-rays_Handout.pdf&usg=AFQjCNGfzRbTCxgYzG4LH24kT2YLE9kjjA&sig2=4DgLxe4z31fCS2Q_WktVbA

Describing a fracture (an approach) : http://radiopaedia.org/articles/describing-a-fracture-an-approach

X-ray sign of fracture:

1. Lucent fracture line

2. Cortical buckling

3. fat pad displacement

4. joint effusion

5. soft tissue swelling

Imaging in fractures from Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar

X-ray for Osteoarthritis

1. Localized joint space narrowing

2. subchondral sclerosis

3. Subchondral cysts/pseudocysts

4. Osteophytes

X-ray for Rheumathoid arthritis

1. Diffuse joint space narrowing

2. Osteoporosis

3. Erosions

4. Symmetrics fusiform soft tissue swelling

X-ray signs of ankylosing spondylitis

1. Sacroilliis

2. Kyphosis

3. Bamboo spine

Xray signs of gout

1. Marginal erosionwith overhanging edge

2. Assymetrics soft tissue swelling

Xray signs of Degenerative Discs

1. JOint space narrowing

2. Endplate sclerosis

3. VAcuum discs

4. Osteophytosis